Cardiopathophysiology
What causes an Heart Attack?
A heart attack occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle becomes blocked. If the flow of blood isn't restored quickly, that part of the heart will become damaged from lack of oxygen, and it will begin to die.
What is a heart attack?
A heart attack occurs when the supply of blood and oxygen to an area of the heart muscle is blocked, usually by a blood clot in a coronary artery. If the blockage is not treated within a few hours, the heart muscle will be permanently damaged and replaced by scar tissue.
What are the symptoms of a heart attack?
Most heart attacks involve discomfort in the center of the chest that lasts more than a few minutes or goes away and comes back. The discomfort can feel like uncomfortable pressure, squeezing, fullness, or pain. It can include pain or numbness in one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw, or stomach. Heart attack pain can sometimes feel like indigestion or heartburn. Shortness of breath often happens along with, or before chest discomfort.
Other symptoms may include breaking out in a cold sweat, having nausea and vomiting, or feeling light-headed or dizzy. Symptoms vary, and some people have no symptoms. Know the symptoms of a heart attack so you can act fast to get treatment.
How common is a heart attack?
A. Very common. Each year, more than 1 million people in the U.S. have a heart attackand about half - 515,000 -of them die. About one-half of those who die do so within 1 hour of the start of symptoms and before reaching the hospital.
Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n8P3n6GKBSY
A heart attack occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle becomes blocked. If the flow of blood isn't restored quickly, that part of the heart will become damaged from lack of oxygen, and it will begin to die.
What is a heart attack?
A heart attack occurs when the supply of blood and oxygen to an area of the heart muscle is blocked, usually by a blood clot in a coronary artery. If the blockage is not treated within a few hours, the heart muscle will be permanently damaged and replaced by scar tissue.
What are the symptoms of a heart attack?
Most heart attacks involve discomfort in the center of the chest that lasts more than a few minutes or goes away and comes back. The discomfort can feel like uncomfortable pressure, squeezing, fullness, or pain. It can include pain or numbness in one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw, or stomach. Heart attack pain can sometimes feel like indigestion or heartburn. Shortness of breath often happens along with, or before chest discomfort.
Other symptoms may include breaking out in a cold sweat, having nausea and vomiting, or feeling light-headed or dizzy. Symptoms vary, and some people have no symptoms. Know the symptoms of a heart attack so you can act fast to get treatment.
How common is a heart attack?
A. Very common. Each year, more than 1 million people in the U.S. have a heart attackand about half - 515,000 -of them die. About one-half of those who die do so within 1 hour of the start of symptoms and before reaching the hospital.
Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n8P3n6GKBSY
What causes an Embolism?
In most cases, pulmonary embolism is caused by a blood clot in the leg that breaks loose and travels to the lungs.
Can blood clots appear in the thigh or tibia area?
The assumption is made that you are inquiring in reference to deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot that forms in a deep vein. DVTs usually are located in the legs.
Can Embolism come back?
yes unless you get Without treatment, pulmonary embolism is likely to come back.
How is a pulmonary embolism diagnosed?
The diagnosis is often suspected on the basis of symptoms and your medical history. For example, someone who has had major surgery, been immobile in hospital and then gets sudden breathlessness, is likely to have a PE.
Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XgTRS_InDgg
In most cases, pulmonary embolism is caused by a blood clot in the leg that breaks loose and travels to the lungs.
Can blood clots appear in the thigh or tibia area?
The assumption is made that you are inquiring in reference to deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot that forms in a deep vein. DVTs usually are located in the legs.
Can Embolism come back?
yes unless you get Without treatment, pulmonary embolism is likely to come back.
How is a pulmonary embolism diagnosed?
The diagnosis is often suspected on the basis of symptoms and your medical history. For example, someone who has had major surgery, been immobile in hospital and then gets sudden breathlessness, is likely to have a PE.
Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XgTRS_InDgg
What causes an Congestive Heart Failure?
Heart failure often develops after other conditions have damaged or weakened your heart. Over time, the heart can no longer keep up with the normal demands placed on it to pump blood to the rest of your body.
What Are the Symptoms of Heart Failure?The symptoms of heart failure are related to the changes that occur to your heart and body, and may be moderate to severe, depending on how weak your heart is. The symptoms can include:
What Is the Outlook for People With Heart Failure?
If you have heart failure, your prognosis or outlook for the future will depend on how well your heart muscle is functioning, your symptoms, and how well you respond to and follow your treatment plan. With the right care, heart failure will not stop you from doing the things you enjoy.
What Drugs Are Used to Treat Heart Failure?Common types of medications used to treat heart failure include:
Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GnpLm9fzYxU
Heart failure often develops after other conditions have damaged or weakened your heart. Over time, the heart can no longer keep up with the normal demands placed on it to pump blood to the rest of your body.
What Are the Symptoms of Heart Failure?The symptoms of heart failure are related to the changes that occur to your heart and body, and may be moderate to severe, depending on how weak your heart is. The symptoms can include:
- Congested lungs. Fluid back up in the lungs can cause shortness of breath with exercise or difficulty breathing at rest which is often worse when lying flat in bed. Lung congestion can also cause a dry, hacking cough or wheezing.
- Fluid and water retention. Less blood to your kidneys causes fluid and water retention, resulting in swollen ankles, legs, and abdomen (called edema) and weight gain. Symptoms may cause an increased need to urinate during the night. Bloating in your stomach may cause a loss of appetite or nausea.
- Dizziness, fatigue, and weakness. Less blood to your major organs and muscles makes you feel tired and weak. Less blood to the brain can cause dizziness or confusion.
- Rapid or irregular heartbeats. The heart beats faster to pump enough blood to the body. This can cause a fast or irregular heartbeat.
What Is the Outlook for People With Heart Failure?
If you have heart failure, your prognosis or outlook for the future will depend on how well your heart muscle is functioning, your symptoms, and how well you respond to and follow your treatment plan. With the right care, heart failure will not stop you from doing the things you enjoy.
What Drugs Are Used to Treat Heart Failure?Common types of medications used to treat heart failure include:
- Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
- Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
- Beta-blockers
- Digoxin
- Diuretics
- Blood vessel dilators
- Potassium or magnesium
- Aldosterone antagonists such as Aldactone
- Calcium channel blockers
- Heart pump medication
Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GnpLm9fzYxU
What causes an Hypertension?
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common condition that will catch up with most people who live into older age.
Can pregnancy cause hypertension?
Although many pregnant women with high blood pressure have healthy babies without serious problems, high blood pressure can be dangerous for both the mother and the fetus. Women with pre-existing, or chronic, high blood pressure are more likely to have certain complications during pregnancy that those with normal blood pressure. However, some women develop high blood pressure while they are pregnant (often called gestational hypertension).
What is the warnings?
In most cases, there are no clear warning signs of high blood pressure, but blood pressure can become dangerously high and threaten your organs and your life.
What types are there?
Malignant hypertension is extremely high blood pressure that develops suddenly and rapidly and causes some type of organ damage.
Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kXmaMEdtmiE
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common condition that will catch up with most people who live into older age.
Can pregnancy cause hypertension?
Although many pregnant women with high blood pressure have healthy babies without serious problems, high blood pressure can be dangerous for both the mother and the fetus. Women with pre-existing, or chronic, high blood pressure are more likely to have certain complications during pregnancy that those with normal blood pressure. However, some women develop high blood pressure while they are pregnant (often called gestational hypertension).
What is the warnings?
In most cases, there are no clear warning signs of high blood pressure, but blood pressure can become dangerously high and threaten your organs and your life.
What types are there?
Malignant hypertension is extremely high blood pressure that develops suddenly and rapidly and causes some type of organ damage.
Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kXmaMEdtmiE